sundee
5th May 2009, 05:55 PM
this is mindboggling! :unseen: Lots of info so prep up :thumbup:
At a length of 89 feet and a height of 44 feet, the total engine weight is 2300 tons - the crankshaft alone weighs 300 tons.
The Wärtsilä RT-flex96C turbocharged two-stroke diesel engine is currently considered the largest reciprocating engine in the world, designed for large container ships, running on heavy fuel oil.
At a length of 89 feet and a height of 44 feet, the total engine weight is 2300 tons - the crankshaft alone weighs 300 tons.
It is five stories high (13.5 m), 27 m long, and weighs over 2300 tonnes in its largest 14-cylinder version producing more than 80 MW (109,000 bhp). It was put into service in September 2006 aboard the Emma Mærsk.
The design is based on the older RTA-96C engine, but revolutionary Common Rail technology has done away with the traditional camshaft, chain gear, fuel pumps and hydraulic actuators. The result is better performance at low RPM, lower fuel consumption and lower harmful emissions. As of 2008, the power output of the 14 cylinder version has been increased to 84.42 MW (114,800 bhp).
The engine has crosshead bearings. One of the reasons that the large two stroke diesels use this design is so that the lubrication in the combustion area is separated from the crank case oil, which stays clean from combustion products.
The upper portion is lubricated by continuous injection of consumable lubricant which is formulated to stand up to high temperatures and high sulfur.
Another reason is that the always vertical piston rod allows a tight seal under the piston. The descending piston is used to compress incoming combustion air for the adjacent cylinders which also serves to cushion the piston as it approaches bottom dead center (BDC) to remove some load from the bearings.
Technical data (as of 2008)
Configuration :
turbocharged two-stroke diesel straight engine, 6 to 14 cylinders
Cylinder bore : 960 mm (37.79 inches)
Piston stroke : 2500 mm (98.42 inches)
Displacement : 1820 liters per cylinder (111,063 cubic inches)
Speed : 92–102 rpm
Mean effective pressure
1.96 MPa @ full load, 1.37 MPa @ maximum efficiency (85% load)
Mean piston speed : 8.5 m/s
Specific fuel consumption :
171 g/(kW·h) (126 g/(bhp·h)) @ full load : 163 g/(kW·h) (120 g/(bhp·h)) @
maximum efficiency :
Power up to 6030 kW per cylinder, 36,180 to 84,420 kW (49,200 to 114,800 bhp) altogether
Power density :
29.6 to 34.8 kW per tonne, 2301 tons for the 14 cylinder version
Amount of fuel injected in a single cycle of single piston
~160 g @ full load
Efficiency:
The Specific fuel consumption efficiency of the RTA96 is 5% worse than the best piston engines.
The minimum 163 g/kW·h translates to 3.6 MJ/kW·h / 0.163 kg/kW·h = 22.1 MJ/kg of work from chemical energy. With a 42.7 MJ/kg fuel, the efficiency is 22.1 MJ/kg / 42.7 MJ/kg = 51.7%.
The Man S80ME-C7 consumes 5% less than this at 155 g/kWh. However, S80ME-C7 has much lower power rating than RTA96-C. Equal sized 14-cylinder MAN MC7 (87 220kW) has minimum SFOC-rating of 164-170 g/kWh at partial load.
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13309.jpg
The internals of this engine are a bit different than most automotive engines.
The top of the connecting rod is not attached directly to the piston. The top of the connecting rod attaches to a "crosshead" which rides in guide channels.. A long piston rod then connects the crosshead to the piston.
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13310.jpg
Installing the "thin-shell" bearings. Crank & rod journals are 38" in diameter and 16" wide:
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13311.jpg
The crank sitting in the block (also known as a "gondola-style" bedplate). This is a 10 cylinder version. Note the steps by each crank throw that lead down into the crankcase:
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13312.jpg
A piston & piston rod assembly. The piston is at the top. The large square plate at the bottom is where the whole assembly attaches to the crosshead:
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13313.jpg
Some pistons:
And some piston rods:
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13314.jpg
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13315.jpg
The "spikes" on the piston rods are hollow tubes that go into the holes you can see on the bottom of the pistons (left picture) and inject oil into the inside of the piston which keeps the top of the piston from overheating. Some high-performance auto engines have a similar feature where an oil squirter nozzle squirts oil onto the bottom of the piston.
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13316.jpg
The cylinder deck (10 cylinder version). Cylinder liners are die-cast ductile cast iron. Look at the size of those head studs!:
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13317.jpg
The first completed 12 cylinder engine:
At a length of 89 feet and a height of 44 feet, the total engine weight is 2300 tons - the crankshaft alone weighs 300 tons.
The Wärtsilä RT-flex96C turbocharged two-stroke diesel engine is currently considered the largest reciprocating engine in the world, designed for large container ships, running on heavy fuel oil.
At a length of 89 feet and a height of 44 feet, the total engine weight is 2300 tons - the crankshaft alone weighs 300 tons.
It is five stories high (13.5 m), 27 m long, and weighs over 2300 tonnes in its largest 14-cylinder version producing more than 80 MW (109,000 bhp). It was put into service in September 2006 aboard the Emma Mærsk.
The design is based on the older RTA-96C engine, but revolutionary Common Rail technology has done away with the traditional camshaft, chain gear, fuel pumps and hydraulic actuators. The result is better performance at low RPM, lower fuel consumption and lower harmful emissions. As of 2008, the power output of the 14 cylinder version has been increased to 84.42 MW (114,800 bhp).
The engine has crosshead bearings. One of the reasons that the large two stroke diesels use this design is so that the lubrication in the combustion area is separated from the crank case oil, which stays clean from combustion products.
The upper portion is lubricated by continuous injection of consumable lubricant which is formulated to stand up to high temperatures and high sulfur.
Another reason is that the always vertical piston rod allows a tight seal under the piston. The descending piston is used to compress incoming combustion air for the adjacent cylinders which also serves to cushion the piston as it approaches bottom dead center (BDC) to remove some load from the bearings.
Technical data (as of 2008)
Configuration :
turbocharged two-stroke diesel straight engine, 6 to 14 cylinders
Cylinder bore : 960 mm (37.79 inches)
Piston stroke : 2500 mm (98.42 inches)
Displacement : 1820 liters per cylinder (111,063 cubic inches)
Speed : 92–102 rpm
Mean effective pressure
1.96 MPa @ full load, 1.37 MPa @ maximum efficiency (85% load)
Mean piston speed : 8.5 m/s
Specific fuel consumption :
171 g/(kW·h) (126 g/(bhp·h)) @ full load : 163 g/(kW·h) (120 g/(bhp·h)) @
maximum efficiency :
Power up to 6030 kW per cylinder, 36,180 to 84,420 kW (49,200 to 114,800 bhp) altogether
Power density :
29.6 to 34.8 kW per tonne, 2301 tons for the 14 cylinder version
Amount of fuel injected in a single cycle of single piston
~160 g @ full load
Efficiency:
The Specific fuel consumption efficiency of the RTA96 is 5% worse than the best piston engines.
The minimum 163 g/kW·h translates to 3.6 MJ/kW·h / 0.163 kg/kW·h = 22.1 MJ/kg of work from chemical energy. With a 42.7 MJ/kg fuel, the efficiency is 22.1 MJ/kg / 42.7 MJ/kg = 51.7%.
The Man S80ME-C7 consumes 5% less than this at 155 g/kWh. However, S80ME-C7 has much lower power rating than RTA96-C. Equal sized 14-cylinder MAN MC7 (87 220kW) has minimum SFOC-rating of 164-170 g/kWh at partial load.
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13309.jpg
The internals of this engine are a bit different than most automotive engines.
The top of the connecting rod is not attached directly to the piston. The top of the connecting rod attaches to a "crosshead" which rides in guide channels.. A long piston rod then connects the crosshead to the piston.
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13310.jpg
Installing the "thin-shell" bearings. Crank & rod journals are 38" in diameter and 16" wide:
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13311.jpg
The crank sitting in the block (also known as a "gondola-style" bedplate). This is a 10 cylinder version. Note the steps by each crank throw that lead down into the crankcase:
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13312.jpg
A piston & piston rod assembly. The piston is at the top. The large square plate at the bottom is where the whole assembly attaches to the crosshead:
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13313.jpg
Some pistons:
And some piston rods:
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13314.jpg
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13315.jpg
The "spikes" on the piston rods are hollow tubes that go into the holes you can see on the bottom of the pistons (left picture) and inject oil into the inside of the piston which keeps the top of the piston from overheating. Some high-performance auto engines have a similar feature where an oil squirter nozzle squirts oil onto the bottom of the piston.
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13316.jpg
The cylinder deck (10 cylinder version). Cylinder liners are die-cast ductile cast iron. Look at the size of those head studs!:
http://www.ae86drivingclub.com.au/dcimages/4/8/5/13317.jpg
The first completed 12 cylinder engine: